In 1278, Fuliang Porcelain Bureau was established to oversee the production of imperial porcelains in Jingdezhen Kiln. This created a favorable condition for the development and prosperity of Jingdezhen Wares. First, large quantity of matured blue-and-white porcelains were manufactured, people use imported cobalt as the paint for the decorations which has the characteristics of tight composition and splendid designs. At the same time, other kinds like egg-shell white, underglaze red wares and high-temperature-fired single color wares were created, making Jingdezhen become the center of the world porcelain industry in the middle ages.

During the turbulent times at the end of Yuan Dynasty, Jingdezhen's authorities directly submit to the Ming's emperor and thus escaped from the destruction of the wars, and their porcelain manufacturing technique was well preserved. After the founding of the Ming Dynasty by the first emperor Zhu Yuanzhang on the basis of the Yuan's Fuliang Porcelain Bureau, the royal kiln was established. The Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang also commended to use porcelains in all sacrifices, thus advancing the development of the porcelain industry in Jingdezhen. Products made by the royal kiln during the Hongwu period were characterized by blue-and-white, under-glazed red and white-glazed porcelains with big size, heavy weight and compact and layered patterns. Those imperial porcelains were made by workers following the very patterns designed by the court.

During the Yongle period, Great prosperity of the Royal kilns in Jingdezheng resulted from a powerful Empire at that time. They produced sweet white, blue-and-white, red glaze and other distinctive kinds of their time. Among them, the sweet white style deeply favored by the Yongle Emperor has sophisticated technique and can be called a unique and exquisite type in that time; the blue-and-white style has distinctive decorations by using the imported cobalt blue-sumali; red-glazed style and other high-temperature-fired single-color wares are masterpieces made by the craftsmen in Yongle period with their bold explorations and trials. Besides, extensive exchange with foreign countries bring them knowledge and examples of metals, ceramics and glass wares from Islamic countries. The imperial porcelains made in Yongle period also started to have the reign title painted in the product, which was the forerunner of "private customization" called by later generations.

Xuande's reign is among the famous peaceful times in China's history and also witnessed the peak time of the development of the royal kilns in the Ming Dynasty. According to the archaeological discoveries, a large quantities of kiln furnaces were built at this time, which resulted to the sharp increase of the porcelain output. According to the Collected Statutes of the Ming Dynasty, only in the eighth year under Xuande's reign, the royal kilns were ordered to produce 443,500 pieces of porcelains. Xuande's imperial porcelains were famous for its simply design, jade-like glaze and colorful decorations, but the Emperor Xuande seemed to like the blue-and-white style better, therefore, the blue-and-white porcelains made in this period had the largest output and best quality. Besides, many new forms and decorations were created and the inscription system for the porcelains gradually became matured and was inherited by later generations.

This era witnessed a turbulent time and economic decline of the Ming Dynasty due to the frequent wars and court conflicts. And the emperors also shifted their interests to other fields. The royal kilns therefore stepped down to a stagnation period with shrinking output, which was also called a "blank period." It is said that the Emperor Jingtai was very fond of Cloisonné and ever ordered to replace all the court's porcelains to Cloisonné, but until now there is no discovery of the royal products with clear chronological inscriptions. However, the porcelain remains excavated in the site of royal kilns in Jingdezhen during the blank period show elegant forms and sophisticated techniques in the blank period.

Because of the stable political situation and prosperous economy during the Emperor Chenghua's reign, the porcelain manufacturing started to revive again after the stagnation in the three former reigns. Chenghua imperial porcelains have their unique features among various kinds in the Ming Dynasty. The blue-and-white ceramics in Chenghua period mainly use domestic blue cobalt and therefore have elegant color, which is different from the bright colors in Yongle and Xuande periods and signifies the shift of style of the royal kilns in the Ming Dynasty. In this period, the technique for clashing color was greatly improved and many new patterns and designs were created, for example, mother hen and baby chicken, scholars, butterflies among flowers and grapes on the clashing-color cups, sea and legendary animals on the jar with "Tian" mark. This period boasts of many small-sized vessels, including cups, plates and jar.

The royal kilns in Jingdezheng during the Hongzhi and Zhengde period not only inherited the characteristics in Chenghua period but also had their own innovations, creating some new styles for Jiajing period. During Hongzhi's period, the royal kilns made several reductions of the output of the porcelains while they started to produce more in Zhengde period, therefore, the porcelains are much richer in variety and quantity than those in the last period. Because the Emperor Zhengde was greatly influenced by the Islamic culture, many Islamic inscription were found in the porcelains at that time, which was a typical characteristics for Zhengde's porcelain products.